Understanding the financial aspects of real estate is crucial for both buyers and sellers. This document outlines key budgeting facts to help navigate the complexities of property transactions and ownership.

The down payment is a significant upfront cost. While 20% is often recommended to avoid private mortgage insurance (PMI), many loan programs allow for much lower percentages.

• Conventional Loans: Typically require a minimum of 3% to 5% down, but 20% avoids PMI.
• FHA Loans: Minimum down payment of 3.5%.
• VA Loans: Often require no down payment for eligible veterans.
• USDA Loans: Also offer no down payment for eligible rural properties.

These are fees and expenses paid at the closing of a real estate transaction. They can range from 2% to 5% of the loan amount.

• Loan Origination Fees: Charged by the lender for processing the loan.
• Appraisal Fees: Cost for a professional appraisal of the property's value.
• Title Insurance: Protects both the lender and buyer against title defects.
• Escrow Fees: Paid to the escrow company for managing the closing process.
• Recording Fees: Charged by the local government to record the new deed and mortgage.
• Prepaid Expenses: Includes property taxes and homeowner's insurance premiums for a certain period.

Beyond the initial purchase, there are recurring expenses associated with owning a home.

• Mortgage Payments: Principal, interest, taxes, and insurance (PITI).
• Property Taxes: Varies by location and property value.
• Homeowner's Insurance: Protects against damage to the home and personal liability.
• Utilities: Electricity, water, gas, internet, etc.
• Maintenance and Repairs: Budget at least 1% of the home's value annually for these costs.
• Homeowners Association (HOA) Fees: If applicable, these cover community amenities and services.